Global warming is a climatological phenomenon in which the global temperature is rising because of increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Reasonably hot Sun sends us a mixture of various rays which is composed of 10% of UV, 40% of visible light and 50% of infrared when the incoming solar radiation arrives at the surface of the atmosphere it is directly reflected towards space by clouds and the various layers of the atmosphere the remainder of this incoming energy is absorbed by the various components of our planet such as atmosphere, earth surface and ocean surface, etc. Since the Earth's surface is colder than the Sun it radiates heat back to the atmosphere in the form of infrared energy and most of the emitted infrared radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere and warms the atmosphere also gains heat and radiates energy upwards and downwards. The downward radiation is absorbed by the Earth's surface and the upward radiation is reflected in space. As we know, our earth's atmosphere is a layer of gases that contains roughly 78% nitrogen 21% oxygen 0.97% argon 0.04% carbon dioxide trace amounts of other gases are water vapor nitrogen and oxygen that form most of the atmosphere. They do not absorb the infrared radiation so they do not contribute to warming the earth but the greenhouse gas molecules mainly carbon dioxide and water vapor absorbed the sun's radiation as infrared some goes back into outer space and most of the energy towards the Earth's surface. The greenhouse gases warm up the atmosphere and also the Earth's surface which is called the greenhouse effect in this way the earth maintains a stable average temperature. Without these greenhouse gases, surface temperatures would be cooler and many life forms would freeze thanks to this natural greenhouse gases because it keeps our average temperature is comfortable. When the concentrations of greenhouse gases increase, the temperature of the atmosphere also increases, leading to the warming of the Earth's surface because too many greenhouse gases trap more and more radiations that cannot escape to space. As a result, radiations remain in our Earth’s atmosphere which causes the earth to warm up. So, the higher concentrations of greenhouse gas responsible for global warming contributors of the greenhouse gases both nature and human activities. Human activities are the main contributors for the emission of greenhouse gases like volcanic eruption, power plant plants industry, ocean transportation, forest fire deforestation, live stocks commercial and residential appliances.
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Global Warming |
Impacts of global warming lead to long-term and devastating impacts for the natural environment ecosystems and human societies such as drought, flood storm, ice melting, etc. Effects on the ocean and climate change as temperatures rise glaciers melt faster than they accumulate new snow when these ice sheets and glaciers melt the water flows into the oceans and sea-level rise. The rise of sea level causes destructive erosion flooding of wetlands aquifer and agricultural soil contamination with salt otherwise rising water level helps to evaporate more water vapors from the warm ocean surface. So, the hurricane or cyclone get the energy for winds from these warm water vapor and leads to higher wind speeds in the hurricane or cyclone nevertheless when carbon dioxide enters the ocean it combines with seawater to produce carbonic acid which increases the acidity of the water lowering its pH this is called ocean acidification. The rising temperatures coupled with ocean acidification affect marine species and ecosystems warmer water temperatures in the ocean result in coral bleaching when water is too warm corals will expel the algae living in their tissues causing the coral to turn completely white affects on wild animals and birds. Face new challenges for survival because of global warming due to drought-induced starvation many wildlife animals shift their places for searching food and water birds also migrate to move from an area to another area for their resources polar bears are starving because of melting sea ice they need sea ice to hunt seals as their main source of food. Effects on human health: human health is at risk because of global warming rising temperatures in the tropics allow mosquitoes to thrive causing the spread of diseases like dengue fever, malaria. Heatwaves caused people to die of dehydration or heatstroke. Solution of global warming are renewable energies like wind power, solar energy hydropower has the potential to reduce global warming decrease the emission of carbon dioxide from industrial sectors turned to reduce global warming. Planting more trees can play a significant role by reducing carbon dioxide from the air and releasing oxygen into the atmosphere to avoid the use and emissions of CFCs or HFCS and a variety of climate-friendly energy efficient safe and proven alternatives need to use.
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